How Does Fuel Injector Work

Fuel Injectors are an extremely important engine component. The injector valve opens and closes at the same rpm as the diesel engine. In addition to water in the fuel, injectors are subjected to carbon and dirt particles introduced into the unit via a bad air cleaner element. The type of fuel, grade and additives used also has a significant impact on the life expectancy of the fuel injector. The ECM (Engine Control Module) controls the fuel injectors in most electrical diesel engines. The diesel injectors constantly have power when the key is turned on regardless if the engine is turned over. The ECM grounds the injector, completing the circuit and causing the injector nozzle to open. The ECM after receiving information from various control sensors determines the length of time the injectors need to be grounded to inject the exact amount of fuel given the horsepower output demand from the engine. The injector has to be able to withstand extremely high temperatures, as well as the very high pressure that is created inside the cylinder. Despite having to put up with all this, it must also be able to deliver the fuel in a fine mist. This mist of fuel must then be circulated in the cylinder so that it is evenly spread out and distributed.