Analysis of energy saving and emission reduction of steam turbine generator sets

Environmental pollution and resource shortage is a common problem in all countries in the world, and also the most profound impact on human survival and development. In this regard, attaching great importance to the construction of ecological civilization and exploring the path of "energy saving, emission reduction, environmental protection and consumption reduction" to achieve sustainable development have become objective requirements for the modernization and development of various fields and industries. In terms of ship enterprises, when implementing energy saving and emission reduction policies, we can start from the problem of "heat loss" and carry out waste heat recovery and utilization through scientific transformation of steam turbine generator sets to achieve the goal of "small transformation with big benefits".

 

1. Characteristic analysis of energy consumption of ships

 

Improving the energy efficiency level of ships, making good planning for energy efficiency management of ships, realizing energy saving and emission reduction, cost reduction and efficiency development of ships have become the key issues of concern and research for shipbuilding enterprises and related staff in the new period. When calculating and analyzing the EEDI (EnergyEfficiencyDesignIndex) of the ship shown in Table 1, it is found that: the MCR (maximum continuous output power) of the single main engine of the ship is 68,520kw, the main engine is propelled by diesel, and the carbon conversion coefficient is 3.206; the fuel consumption rate of the main engine reaches 171.45g/KWh Since the ship's main engine power exceeds 10,000kw and no shaft belt diesel generator set for sale and other energy saving and emission reduction devices are set, the EEDI value at the ship's design stage can be obtained according to the relevant EEDI calculation formula as about 16.73, while according to the relevant regulations ( RequiredEEDI=17.188), it can be seen that the ship does not meet the requirement of ship energy efficiency design index and is not highly competitive in the market. At the same time, further analysis of the ship's energy consumption reveals that more than 45% of the heat of the ship's diesel engine is not converted into useful work, and there is a more serious heat loss problem.

 

2. Analysis of energy-saving and emission reduction ideas of the ship

 

As the ship energy consumption design index mentioned above does not meet the relevant regulations. In this regard, in the process of ship design and manufacturing, the design adopts proven measures to enhance the energy consumption efficiency of the ship. Usually, the methods to improve the energy consumption efficiency of ships are mainly composed of the following:

 

(1) changing the ship's sailing speed and dealing with the ship's energy consumption problem from the level of ship operation;

(2) improving the ship structure, such as increasing the ship's draft, increasing the ship's load, etc. to reduce the actual energy efficiency design index of the ship;

(3) introducing energy-saving and emission reduction technologies and carrying out cabin equipment transformation, such as the utilization of waste heat recovery system, renewable energy, and the use of shaft belt.

 

In this study, the design of energy saving and emission reduction on board was carried out by "introducing energy saving and emission reduction technology and modifying cabin equipment". As far as the waste heat recovery system is concerned, there are mainly two types of waste heat recovery systems for diesel engines on ships: first, the waste heat of diesel engines is collected and used to directly drive the ship's power turbine to generate electricity to realize the effective utilization of waste heat; second, the waste heat boiler is equipped on the ship to recover the waste heat of diesel engines through the waste heat boiler and convert it into steam for steam power generation and use it to power the ship's electrical equipment. Electric equipment power supply. Based on the existing experience, we take the turbine generator set in the waste heat utilization system as the research object, improve the overall performance of the waste heat utilization system by modifying the turbine generator set, and promote the effective performance of its application in the task of energy saving and emission reduction of ships.

 

3. Analysis of energy saving and emission reduction scheme of ships based on the transformation of turbine generator sets

 

3.1 Overview of the ship's diesel engine waste heat recovery and utilization system. The waste heat recycling system configured in the ship's engine room is mainly composed of the turbine diesel generator set for sale, power turbine, ultra-low temperature exhaust waste heat boiler and organic mass turbine generator set. In the operation process, the ship diesel engine exhaust will enter the ultra-low temperature exhaust waste heat boiler through the turbocharger and power turbine; steam will be generated under the joint action of the high pressure superheater and low pressure steam of the waste heat boiler and enter the turbine for power generation, so as to realize the recycling of the ship diesel engine waste heat.

 

3.2 Analysis of the renovation technology scheme of the turbine generator set. In this study of the ship energy saving and emission reduction project, the type of turbine generator set selected is determined to be a make-up gas condensing turbine generator. During the operation of the turbine generator set, the superheated steam from the waste heat boiler can be introduced into the turbine through the speed shut-off valve for power generation, and the saturated steam from the waste heat boiler can be introduced into the turbine through the steam replenishment port for power generation. At the same time, the remaining steam from the turbine generates electricity through condenser, condensate pump, deaerator and other devices, where it enters the boiler for heating treatment and re-generation of steam to realize recycling. In this design process, in order to improve the stability, safety and reliability of the operation of the turbine generator set. To achieve effective improvement of the overall performance of the waste heat recovery and utilization system. The main shaft structure is designed as a hub structure to improve the mechanical performance of the main shaft and ensure the stability and reliability of the turbine generator set; the overall structure of the turbine generator set is designed as "turbine+reduction box+generator" and is located in the same chassis with the condenser and water pump to achieve integrated control, which saves space in the cabin and improves the operating efficiency of the set. The overall structure is "turbine+reduction gearbox+generator" and it is located in the same chassis with condenser and pump to achieve integrated control.

In addition, according to the structural characteristics of the ship and the turbine characteristics, in the process of setting up the turbine generator set, it is determined that:

 

(1) the condenser is located under the row of cylinders and on the same chassis with the row of cylinders.

(2) The condenser heat well form is mainly in barrel form, which is convenient for condenser level control.

(3) The oil station is located on the sump, and equipped with oil filtering device, in the use of the process of lubricating oil, regulating oil, etc. through the oil filtering device for filtration, respectively, into the lubrication system and regulating system. It is worth noting that the lubricating oil needs to pass through the oil cooler before entering the lubrication system.

(4) The upper part of the oil station structure needs to be separated and the lower part of the oil station structure needs to be connected, so as to reduce the adverse effect of the ship's hull shaking on the oil station level during the ship's operation.

(5) Scientific design of the position of the bearing oil return port, usually the oil return port should be arranged at the bottom, and the scientific arrangement of the oil return pipe should be made according to the tilting situation during the operation of the ship.

(6) Scientific selection of unit positioning method, in this research project, use axial slide key for positioning of unit front bearing seat and seat frame; use vertical key for positioning of unit row cylinder and unit chassis; use radial key for positioning of unit row cylinder and unit row cylinder seat frame to ensure accuracy, science and reliability of unit positioning.

(7) Considering the influence of hull shaking on the unit bearings, the design uses the tiltable tile form to set radial bearings and thrust bearings; considering the influence of hull shaking on the oil consumption of the unit, the design oil return mode is full overflow oil return.

(8) In the design process, in order to improve the scientific level of design and ensure the rationality, integrity, coordination and completeness of the turbine set layout, the three-dimensional model analysis method is used to carry out the scientific construction of the three-dimensional model of the unit and auxiliary engine, etc., so as to realize the scientific layout of the turbine generator set.

 

4. Analysis of the benefits and research results of the implementation of energy-saving and emission reduction methods

 

The designed turbine diesel generator set for sale were tested and analyzed, and it was found that: (1) The turbine diesel generator set for sale passed the CCS certification and met the quality requirements of the turbine related standards. (2) The internal efficiency of the turbine-generator set is significantly improved compared with the conventional turbine-generator set, reaching more than 72%, which is conducive to the improvement of the working quality and efficiency of the waste heat recovery and utilization system. (3) The structure layout of the turbine generator set is more reasonable to achieve effective space saving in the nacelle.

 

In a word, heat loss is a common problem in the process of ship operation, and is also the core element leading to the waste of ship energy. With the continuous improvement of shipbuilding technology, the ship diesel engine waste heat utilization system can be produced and applied, but the actual effect is not ideal. This paper analyzes the turbine diesel generator set for sale in the waste heat utilization system, aiming to carry out effective transformation of the turbine generator set in order to mention the efficiency of the waste heat system by improving the performance of the turbine, and the test shows that the method has strong feasibility and practicality, and can achieve the purpose of energy saving and emission reduction, cost reduction and efficiency.

Final Words

As a result, the pointers above are necessary when selecting the best diesel generator for an industrial or commercial application. It is essential to choose the appropriate diesel generator set to assist you in increasing the productivity of your business and the amount of revenue you make.

So, if you are involved in purchasing the best diesel generator of the greatest possible quality and performance, do not hesitate to contact us. Additionally, seeing how a generator works will provide you with a more satisfying overall experience. When buying a diesel generator for industrial or commercial use, there are several different aspects to consider. Consult with experts to learn more about the solution that is the best fit for the application you have in mind.